Everything You Need to Know About Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. This condition occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium—the lining of the membranes surrounding the joints—causing inflammation, pain, and eventual joint damage if left untreated. While it primarily targets joints in the hands, wrists, and knees, RA can also affect other systems in the body, including the skin, eyes, lungs, and heart.
Causes and Risk Factors of Rheumatoid Arthritis
RA most commonly affects women between the ages of 30 and 60, though it can occur at any age. Men can develop RA as well but are less likely to be affected compared to women.The exact cause of RA is unknown, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development:
- Genetics: A family history of RA may increase the risk.
- Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain triggers, such as smoking or infections, can contribute to the onset.
- Hormonal Changes: Hormonal shifts, particularly in women, may play a role in the condition's development.
How is Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosed?
Diagnosing RA involves a combination of clinical evaluations, blood tests, and imaging studies. Common diagnostic tests include:
- Blood tests to detect inflammation markers like ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and CRP (C-reactive protein).
- Testing for rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-CCP antibodies.
- Imaging such as X-rays, MRIs, or ultrasounds to assess joint damage or inflammation.
Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis
While there is no cure for RA, various treatment options can help manage symptoms, reduce inflammation, and prevent joint damage:
- Medications: These include disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
- Physical Therapy: Helps maintain joint flexibility and strength.
- Lifestyle Modifications: Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and a balanced diet can reduce symptoms.
- Surgery: In severe cases, joint replacement or repair surgery may be necessary.
When to See a Rheumatology Doctor?
If you’re experiencing persistent joint pain, swelling, stiffness, or redness—particularly in multiple joints—it’s time to schedule an appointment. Other signs include fatigue, fever, or unexplained weight loss, which may accompany RA. Living with Rheumatoid Arthritis can be challenging, but early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve your quality of life. At Olean Medical Group in Olean, NY, our compassionate team is dedicated to providing personalized care to help you manage your symptoms and regain control. Call us today at (716) 372-0141 to schedule an appointment with our rheumatology specialists.